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Artificial Propagation Techniques of Alfalfa
In recent years, there has been an increase in the demand for commercial fish from the sea bream, and the demand for pod flowers has also increased. Although alfalfa blossoms naturally reproduce in flowing or still water, most of them are spawned sparingly due to environmental conditions, and fish eggs and fry are often swallowed by fish or other predators, resulting in a low survival rate. Artificial breeding can cause spawning of pupa spawns to concentrate spawning, increase the fertilization rate, hatching rate, and survival rate of fry, and achieve planned production. Artificial breeding techniques are described in detail as follows: First, broodstock selection First, broodstock broodstock must be purebred; followed by broodstock should be robust, plump and disease-free, no serious injuries; Third, the proportion of male and female should be appropriate, generally 1 : 1; Fourth, female broodstock should be 3 in 4 over, weight 1.5 kg, male and female broodstock should be 2 in 3 over age, weight 1 kilogram or more; Fifth, the best one year before hatching stocking broodstock, do not go Temporarily collected during the hatching season, and broodstock cultured in ponds is the best. Second, broodstock cultivation 1, pods gonad gonad development and the amount of egg production and bred broodstock used by the quality and quantity of food has a great relationship. Feeds for rearing broodstock must be diversified, and vegetal foods and animal foods should be taken into account to meet the needs of broodstock for various essential amino acids. Long-term feeding of single feeds must be avoided. 2. The mature process of gonadal development of broodstock broodstock needs a certain ecological environment. During the entire breeding process of broodstock, special attention must be paid to the regulation of water quality, and the oxygen level should always be ensured. Especially in the autumn, pool water is often accompanied by the tendency of aging. Always change the water and pay attention to maintaining a certain population of plankton in the water. To ensure the comfort of the broodstock environment, to maximize the accumulation of fish fat, to ensure the smooth production of eggs. 3. The broodstock cultivation process should pay attention to the broodstock breeding in the previous year. Because the broodstock has completed the growth phase of the egg cell in the winter, it is only necessary to feed a small amount of refined baits in the spring to help the broodstock restore its physique. If the broodstock was not cultivated the previous year, the gonads were immature, or because the plumpness was low and the physique was thin, the effect of artificial reproduction would be very poor. III. Spawning 1. The area of ​​the pond is 0.2 mu-1 mu, the water depth is about 1 meter, the bottom of the pool is less, the water injection and drainage are convenient, the environment is quiet, and the sunlight is sufficient. Before the pond is used, it is required to be disinfected by the Qingchi pond. The water injection must be strictly filtered. 2, fish nest production, set up and management of the production of fish nest materials are palm skin, aquatic plants, grasshoppers and man-made fibers, etc., the fish nest requires a water to spread out, not sparse, dense, easy access, in line with thistle The ecological requirements for spawning are easy to use and must be sterilized before use. According to the number of spawning broodstocks, a corresponding number of fish nests are laid out, which are generally arranged at shallow water 1 meter away from the shore. The common arrangements are suspension-type and flat columns, with the best distribution in flat columns. Management of fish nests should pay attention to the following points: correctly estimate the time of spawning and put fish nests in time; nests should not be put in too much, generally 4 to 5 tufts per female are used; Replace, spawning should be promptly removed after 1 hour, and replace the new fish nest into the pool. 3, aphrodisiac spawning measures can be used fish with high efficiency oxytocin injection I or II aphrodisiac, the amount of female fish 0.5 ml / kg body weight, male and female for the above dose of 1/3-1/4 can be. IV. Incubation 1. Ponds Incubation Incubators There are two kinds of earthen ponds and concrete pools. The area of ​​the earthen pond is 0.5 mu - 1 mu, and the water depth is 1 meter. The concrete pool area is 20 - 50 square meters and the water depth is 50 - 80 cm. The hatching density is generally 3000 grains/m3 - 5000 grains/m3. 2. Drenching water incubation Drenching water incubation is to put the fish nest with fish eggs on the shelf in the indoor or plastic shed, and use artificial watering or water spray to keep the fish nest moist and control the proper temperature. The hatching hatch should pay attention to the following matters: The room temperature is controlled between 20°C and 25°C during the incubation period; often use a jug to pour water, evenly spread all the fish nests, keep the fish eggs moist, must not make it dry; indoor should maintain saturation Humidity, to properly grasp the incubation time, at any time to move the fish nest hatching hatch. 3, de-viscous water hatching Detackling water hatching is the fish eggs after fertilization, remove the sticky eggs, and then hatching equipment for running water hatch. Detacking methods mainly include mud debonding method, talcum powder debonding method, and water debinding method. Fifth, emergence, timely feeding fry can parallel swimming, yolk sac disappear, it should immediately feed. 2. Regulate the quality of water. Always refill the new water, but the water temperature difference before and after changing the water must not exceed 3°C. Do not add water while feeding to prevent the top of the fry from eating. 3, prevention and cure hot weather is easy to get bubble disease, pay attention to change the water. At the same time to clear frogs, dragonflies and aquatic insects.