How to mix herbicides

In recent years, with the wide application of chemical herbicides and the evolution of weed communities, it has been difficult to control a variety of mixed weeds with a single herbicide. Therefore, the mixed use of herbicides has attracted more and more attention. It is an important measure to improve the application level of herbicides by blending herbicides, increasing herbicidal spectrum, improving herbicidal effect, prolonging application period, reducing phytotoxicity, reducing residual activity, and delaying the occurrence and development of herbicide resistance. . However, the mixed use of herbicides is not a simple random mix. Pay special attention to the following points:

Does not affect the chemical properties of the agent

After mixing two or more herbicides, no chemical reaction occurs between the respective agents, and the chemical properties of the various active ingredients cannot be changed. For example, general organophosphorus herbicides are prone to alkaline hydrolysis under alkaline conditions, so they should not be mixed with alkaline herbicides or alkaline substances, or they can be used now. For the same reason, acidic herbicides generally cannot be mixed with alkaline substances. Many herbicides containing metal ions such as copper, manganese and zinc often form soluble metal salts under acidic conditions, which may easily cause phytotoxicity or render herbicides ineffective.

Does not destroy the physical properties of the drug

The physical properties of the original herbicide, such as emulsification, dispersion, wetting and suspension, which are involved in the mixed herbicide, remain in a good state, do not disappear, do not decrease, and preferably can be enhanced.

Expanding the effect of weeding range

Currently, herbicides widely used in production are mostly selective. The herbicides with different herbicidal spectrums should be mixed and used, and the mechanism of action should be complementary, in order to achieve the purpose of controlling more kinds of weeds. For example, if acetochlor is mixed with atrazine or selezin, the range of weeding can be significantly expanded; in the case of rice during the greening period, the herbicide ether can only be used to control weeds and cattle grass, and if mixed with dimethyltetrachloride, It can prevent dicotyledonous weeds such as sedge and wild scorpion.

Extend the number of reductions in duration

When using herbicides, the long-lasting period and the short-lived period should be mixed to play a complementary role, not only to prevent the weeds in the early stage, but also to basically control the grass damage in the whole growth period of the crop. For example, in the cotton field, the use of trifluralin and herbicide ether can generally achieve no cotton damage during the whole growth period of cotton; use 10% rice grass-free wettable powder in rice fields for early post-emergence treatment, which can prevent annual and perennial broadleaf Weeds and sedges, if mixed with 50 grams of butachlor per acre, can improve the effect of removing mites, and can achieve a single use, the rice field has no grass all seasons.

Reduce phytotoxicity and improve safety

Some herbicides have long residual effects and are susceptible to adverse effects on the lower crops. For example, wilting is used in corn fields to control weeds. It is very safe for corn and good for weed control. However, it is not possible to sow sensitive crops. Otherwise, the phytotoxicity is very serious. If alachlor is used together with wilfordine By reducing the amount of wilting to 3/4, the herbicidal effect of the corn field can still be ensured, and the impact on the post-crop crop is greatly reduced.

Reduce costs and improve efficiency

The mixed use of herbicides should reduce the number of medications and dosage, save labor and reduce production costs. If the herbicide has high activity and is slightly inappropriate when used, it will easily cause phytotoxicity to crops, and the herbicide and metformin will be mixed in half by single dose, which can overcome the weakness of their single use. The control effect of mixed use on piglets after leaf joint or spring jointing is over 94%, which is equivalent to that of single herbicides, but the cost is reduced by 22.5%. Compared with monomethyltetrachloride alone, the deformed ear is reduced by 0.85%. .

Suppress weed population changes

Reasonable use of herbicides should also inhibit the population change of weeds and reduce the resistance of weeds. At the same time, it is necessary to protect the natural enemies of pests and maintain the balance of agricultural ecology.

Pre-testing according to local conditions

The selection of the herbicide mixture and the determination of the dosage should be comprehensively determined according to the types of weeds in the field, the degree of occurrence, soil texture, soil organic matter content, crop type, and crop growth status. The period and method of use of the herbicides involved in the mixing must be consistent.

The herbicidal effect after the herbicide is mixed is affected by various factors. Before large-area application, it should be tested and demonstrated according to different proportions and different dosages, or under specific technical guidance.

Chen Maochun, Shiyan Agricultural School, Danjiangkou City, Hubei Province

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