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Garbage Classification Compliance | Thermo Fisher dioxin full process solution
Whether it is a movie or a scientific fact, we are warning us that those created by us are swallowing us a little bit, and garbage pollution threatens the future of this planet. Planet or plastic? The proper control of garbage has also become the final battle for the defense of the Blue Planet.
China has a large population and is a big country for garbage generation. According to statistics from the Ministry of Environmental Protection, in 2016, the amount of domestic garbage produced in 214 large and medium-sized cities in China reached 18.85 million tons. In the face of the increasingly serious problem of garbage pollution, China is taking action from the top down to defend the home environment:
As a global “waste factory†in the past 30 years, China has banned most foreign recyclable solid waste such as plastics and paper from entering China in January 2018; many key cities have already begun to introduce domestic waste sorting management implementation plans or actions. It is planned that on July 1 this year, the "Regulations on the Management of Domestic Waste in Shanghai" will be officially implemented, and the classification of domestic waste will enter the "era of the rule of law"; as every resident, in addition to reducing the use of disposable plastic products, the most important It is to actively implement garbage sorting. Through waste sorting, useful materials such as paper, plastic, glass, metal, etc. can be recycled, and toxic substances such as used batteries and expired drugs can be treated centrally. The most important thing is to reduce the harm in the garbage collection process through garbage sorting.
Taking waste incineration as an example, waste incineration itself is a relatively environmentally friendly way of waste disposal. Solid waste is converted into ashes, soot and heat by high temperature heating. By burning, it can reduce the quality of waste by 80-85% and reduce 95-96%. The volume greatly saves landfill space, and the heat generated by incineration of garbage is itself a great source of energy. But the premise is garbage classification! If waste sorting is not carried out before incineration to remove harmful, bulky or renewable raw materials, and the waste incinerator does not have sufficient exhaust gas purification and effective incineration process control, then waste incineration will not only produce PM 2.5, heavy metals, etc. Air pollutants can lead to the release of highly toxic dioxins.
Dioxins are listed as human first-class carcinogens by the World Health Organization and have strong carcinogenic, teratogenic and mutagenic effects on the human body. There are many dioxin-like substances in the same dioxin. The 2,3,7,8-position chlorine-substituted dioxin is more toxic than other structures. The WHO regulations have 17 dioxin homologs and 12 polychlorines. Dioxin-like PCBs are toxic dioxins. Â
Attack again on dioxin compounds
Gas Chromatography - High Resolution Magnetic Mass Spectrometry (GC-HRMS, Magnetic Mass Spectrometry) has long been a "golden benchmark" for dioxin detection due to its high resolution, high sensitivity and excellent stability . Thermo Scientific's new triple quadrupole GC/MS, TSQ 9000 , follows the pace of Big Brother's dual-focus high-resolution magnetic mass spectrometer DFS, in the future of environmental protection against the blue planet, to dioxins ( PCDDs, PCDFs, and Dioxin-like PCBs) launched an offensive again.
Dioxin full process solution
New high sensitivity ion source ( AEI source)
The TSQ 9000 is equipped with a new high-sensitivity ion source (AEI). The traditional ion source design is changed. The large-volume gyro magnet is designed in the same direction as the filament, and the filament and the ion beam are on the same line. The unique design increases the ionization distance. Increased ionization efficiency and focusing ability, which significantly improves the sensitivity of the instrument and greatly improves the ability to analyze low concentrations of dioxins.
Figure 1. Comparison of AEI source with conventional EI source (ExtractaBrite source)
High-resolution magnetic mass spectrometry DFS acceptance criteria - 20 fg / μL 2,3,7,8-TCDD, continuous injection of 8 needles, injection volume 1 μL, peak area and ion ratio for the TSQ 9000 AEI system The sensitivity and stability were investigated. The results are shown in Figure 2. Even at very low concentrations, the peak shape of 2,3,7,8-TCDD is still excellent, the peak area RSD% is 3.42%, and the ion ratio RSD% is 2.83. %.
Figure 2-a. Continuous 8-needle 20fg 2,3,7,8-TCDD repeat injection chromatogram
Figure 2-b. Quantitative peak area (321.89->258.93) and ion ratio for repeated injections of 8 f 20 fg 2,3,7,8-TCDD)
Excellent chromatographic separation of the TSQ 9000 GC-MS/MS system
The experiment was performed on a Thermo ScientificTM TG-Dioxin column using a standard solution of EPA 1613. The total ion chromatogram of the CS1 standard solution is shown in Figure 3-a. The separation effect of 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDF and 1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDF in the actual sample of CS1 standard solution and sediment is shown in Figure 3-b and Figure 3-c. Shown. The resolutions of 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDF and 1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDF were all better than 75%, satisfying the resolution requirements for the determination of dioxins.
Figure 3-a. Total ion chromatogram (TIC) of 17 dioxins and their isotopes in a standard solution (EPA1613 CS1 ) Â
Figure 3-b. Separation effect of four 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDF and 1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDF in standard solution EPA1613 CS1)
Figure 3-c. Separation effect of four 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDF and 1, 2,3,6,7,8-HxCDF in actual sediment samples
Professional POPs data processing software from high resolution magnetic mass spectrometry - Target Quan
The quantification of dioxins is carried out using the most stringent isotope dilution analysis method. The TargetQuan 3.2 software is designed for quantitative analysis of POPs. The software can clearly display the internal standard dependencies between compounds and easily Perform integral and quantitative parameter editing.
Figure 4-a. TargetQuan software screenshot (secondary internal standard method)
Accurate quantitative results
Experimental analysis of EPA 1613 series of standards, dioxin test substance and its isotope compounds response factor of 0.88-2.13, relative standard deviation of less than 10%, the actual sample test also showed good reproducibility and recovery. Partial soil samples were tested simultaneously on TSQ 9000 GC-MS/MS and high-resolution magnetic mass spectrometry to verify the accuracy of the dioxin-like results of the TSQ 9000 AEI system. Quantitative results were based on total toxic equivalent values ​​(TEQ values, The unit WHO-TEQ pg/g) is displayed. As shown in Figure 5-a and Figure 5-b, the GC-MS/MS and GC-HRMS results are well matched, and the measured total TEQ deviations are < 5%, which fully demonstrates the TSQ 9000 GC with AEI source. - Reliability of the MS/MS system in dioxin analysis.
Figure 5-a. Quantitative results of soil sample a (GC-MS/MS with AEI vs. GC-HRMS)
Figure 5-b. Quantitative results of soil sample b (GC-MS/MS with AEI vs. GC-HRMS)
The unmatched sensitivity and stability of the TSQ 9000 AEI System GC-MS/MS fully meets the requirements of the EU regulations for dioxin screening and validation. It is true that the current regulations on dioxin analysis in the environmental field are mostly based on high-resolution magnetic mass spectrometry, but the future environmental protection warfare about the blue planet is bound to be a protracted battle, the regulations are not moving, the instrument is first , the classic dioxins The British Analytical Weights ( DFS) is still in the doldrums, and the innovative dioxin detection tool (TSQ 9000 GC-MS/MS AEI system) has long been honed and waiting for inspection.
Environmental issues are no small matter, reducing dioxin emissions, starting with waste sorting. July 1, garbage sorting, are you ready?
The final battle, Are you ready?